<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">On Thu, Aug 6, 2020 at 3:51 PM Mikalai Birukou via kwlug-disc <<a href="mailto:kwlug-disc@kwlug.org" target="_blank">kwlug-disc@kwlug.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br><div><p>1) Confidentiality as an obligation. As soon as minute 3, speaker
says that confidentiality of vote is not a right, but must be an
obligation. Let me call BS on this one, backed by reality, and not
mere opinion.</p></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Mikalai,</div><div><br></div><div>I can't talk about Belarus, but I can talk about Egypt's brief experiment with democracy, with all its flaws, as well as what was happening in early Canada, vs. what is happening now.</div><div><br></div><div>The latter is relatable to all on this list.</div><div><br></div><div>Just check quickly how the secret ballot evolved, bullying and bribery that caused the secret ballot to be adopted.</div><div>Also, how politicians and business people were opposed to it because: "how can they be sure that people voted the way they wanted them to after taking food supplies".</div><div><br></div><div>Read it for yourself.</div><div><a href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/voting-in-early-canada-feature" target="_blank">https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/voting-in-early-canada-feature</a></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1957/5/25/when-voting-was-a-high-adventure" target="_blank">https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1957/5/25/when-voting-was-a-high-adventure</a></div><div><br></div><div>Quote: “A workman, for example,” said one MP, “having promised his
employer to vote one way would vote another.”</div><div><br></div><div>The Horror!<br></div><div><br></div><div>And a more lengthy treatise at Elections Canada</div><div><a href="https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=his&document=chap2&lang=e" target="_blank">https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=his&document=chap2&lang=e</a></div><div><br></div><div>In Egypt, we had dictatorship since the 50s which first banned political parties, then introduced them in the late 70s, but used other methods (voter suppression by requiring registration, not universal 'by default' registration, ballot stuffing, ballot box swapping while in transit to "counting centers", candidate screening and excluding the undesirables based on 'security objections', and so many other ways ...). On the other hand, the main opposition block, the religious party (Muslim Brotherhood), used food supplies and loyalty groomed by providing health and education services that are lacking in rural areas to ensure people voted for them. <br></div><div><br></div><div>After the 2011 revolution, the second aspect (buying votes using food supplies, to a more limited extent intimidation) was rampant, but still the elections in 2011 and 2012 were the most free ones in modern times. The measures adopted were: <br></div><div><br></div><div>- Universal registration (anyone with a government ID, which is every Egyptian above a certain age, can vote), and is registered to where their address is)</div><div>- The process is monitored by representatives from all parties running, inside the ballot station<br></div><div>- Unique serial numbers for ballots, in booklet form. Each station records the number ranges given <br></div><div>- Ballot boxes are sealed, and the seals have unique numbers, so as to prevent stuffing or tampering</div><div>- Judges overseeing each voting station, and the box seal number with the reps</div><div>- Counting in the same voting station made sure that the serial numbers are the ones signed from early in the day, so no swapping or stuffing occurred.</div><div>- Results are monitored by all representatives and at the end they issue a joint document signed of the results</div><div>- and so on<br></div><div><br></div><div>By having several people present, each taking a photo on their mobile phone and sharing it on social media, massive tampering was prevented.</div><div><br></div><div><div>There was intimidation of some religious minorities by the religious parties in rural areas, e.g. blocking a few voting stations in Christian majority south, but not on a nationwide scale.<br></div></div><div><br></div><div>But all in all, it worked: The powers that be (the armed forces) could not get the results changed even if they wanted to. The scale required to commit fraud is simply staggering and impractical: they can't intimidate tens of thousands of reps in tens of thousands of stations.<br></div><div><br></div><div>So as you see, it was not perfect (it never is, but the issue is the magnitude of fraud and its impact). The concern here is big government or big money changing the ballots, and in this case, it was averted, barring those incidents. </div><div><br></div><div>From 2013 onwards, the game changed. A military officer took over, and used intimidation before the ballot box to have his way: anyone from any other party was imprisoned without trial: no one to run against him, then other measures needed, and the voting process looked normal. Voter turnout went to almost nothing after that, and apathy and despair set in again. <br></div><div><br></div><div>Back to a functioning democracy, which Canada is still one ... <br></div><div><br></div><div>Having a secret ballot prevents intimidation, bribery, retaliation by your employer, or vandalizing your home.</div><div>Anything that is computerized cannot have all the criteria that we currently have with paper ballots:</div><div>Not understandable to a lay person, a lay person cannot be part of the oversight, a small number of people can be bribed or intimidated to swap the code, and so on. <br></div><div><br></div><div>If the computer is keeping a list of who voted how, this can get hacked, or leaked, or copied, as we see happening with so many organizations, be it Life Labs, Equifax, LinkedIn, ...etc. <br></div><div><br></div><div>Again, I am not talking about Belarus. I am talking about here mainly, and Egypt, partially.<br></div><div>Electronic voting would be a devil send for the rich and powerful ...</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, I saw that some municipalities are using electronic voting. I am a bit troubled by that, and even expressed this concern at the time to some members of this group.</div><div><br></div><div><div>Here is coverage from the time:<br></div><div><a href="https://www.tvo.org/article/current-affairs/how-e-voting-is-taking-over-ontario-municipal-elections" target="_blank">https://www.tvo.org/article/current-affairs/how-e-voting-is-taking-over-ontario-municipal-elections</a></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.tvo.org/article/current-affairs/how-e-votings-big-night-went-wrong-in-ontario" target="_blank">https://www.tvo.org/article/current-affairs/how-e-votings-big-night-went-wrong-in-ontario</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/london-ontario-online-voting-1.4598787" target="_blank">https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/london-ontario-online-voting-1.4598787</a></div><div><br></div></div><div>However, they are not a major concern so far, since there are no big political parties, and virtually no big money for rural communities where this started. It can, and will, become a concern if it moves into larger metro areas. <br></div><div>For now, it is a problem where the stakes are high: definitely federal elections, and definitely provincial ones. <br></div></div><br><br></div>